Biological Control

 
Leafy Spurge Flea Beetle 

Biological Control of Noxious Weeds in North Dakota

Biological control is one of the tools used to manage noxious weeds in Morton County and across North Dakota. This method involves using natural enemies—specific insects or organisms that target and suppress invasive weeds without harming crops or native vegetation.

One of the most successful examples is the Leafy Spurge Flea Beetle (Aphthona spp.). These beetles feed exclusively on Leafy Spurge, a highly aggressive and invasive plant that threatens pastureland, rangeland, and wildlife habitat. The adult beetles feed on the leaves, while the larvae attack the roots, weakening and eventually killing the plant. Importantly, these beetles do not feed on crops or other desirable plants, making them a safe and effective biological control option.

Since their introduction, Leafy Spurge Flea Beetles have played a significant role in reducing the spread and severity of Leafy Spurge infestations across the region. Their continued use helps slow the plant’s expansion and supports long-term weed management goals without relying solely on herbicides.

In addition to the Leafy Spurge beetles, other biological control agents have been introduced in North Dakota to target different noxious weeds. These include various species of insects and pathogens selected for their ability to attack specific invasive plants without posing a risk to other vegetation.

Biological control is not a quick fix—it takes time to establish beetle populations and see visible results. However, when combined with other weed management strategies, it is a cost-effective, environmentally friendly solution that offers long-term benefits.

If you're interested in biological control options or would like to learn more about upcoming collection opportunities, contact the Morton County Weed Department at 701-667-3346.